Investigation of the Relationship of Self-Efficacy in Labour And Birth Anxiety Between Primiparous and Multiparous Pregnant Women: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
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Abstract
Aim: Fear of childbirth, anxiety and self-efficacy are important parameters in pregnant women in terms of both the continuation of pregnancy and the type of delivery. There are different results in studies on these subjects. We aimed to investigate the relationship of self-efficacy and anxiety between primiparous and multiparous pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: A total of 76 pregnant women who were among third trimester of pregnancy who applied to the clinic for delivery, were included in the study in our clinic. 34 pregnant women were primiparous and 42 pregnant women were multiparous. 76 pregnant women’s demographic datas were compared with self-efficacy and anxiety scale scores between the two groups.
Results: Of the 76 cases included in the study, 34 were primiparous and 42 were multiparous. The mean age of primiparous was 23.4±3.6 years, while it was 28.7±5.6 years in multiparous pregnants, which was statistically significant (p=0.020). Demographic and pregnancy related outcomes between both groups were similar. Regarding self-efficacy, the outcome was not found to be statistically significant according to the expectation scale (p=0.984), and the efficacy expectation sub-scale (p=0.610). Regarding anxiety, the outcome was found statistically insignificant (p=0.564) between the two groups according to the Beck Anxiety Scale.
Conclusion: There was no difference in terms of birth fear and self-efficacy scores, but high birth anxiety scores were found in both groups. It will be beneficial for pregnant women to be informed and supported in order to reduce their high anxiety about child birth.